The Best Bone Grafts for Creating New Bone
Product Roundup: There are a number of different types of bone grafting materials, including autografts, allografts, and synthetic variants.
Bone grafting materials are commonly used with dental implant procedures to restore the edentulous area of a missing tooth. Bone grafts are either used in block (such as from the chin or ascending ramus area of the lower jaw) or particulated, to be able to adapt it better to a defect.
According to the Journal of Pharmacy & BioAllied Sciences,1 the grafted, vascularized fibulas have been used to restore skeletal integrity to long bones of limbs in which congenital bone defects exist and to replace segments of bone after trauma or malignant tumor invasion. The periosteum and nutrient artery are generally removed with a piece of bone so that the graft will remain alive and grow when transplanted into the new host site. Once the transplanted bone is secured into its new location, it generally restores blood supply to the bone on which it has been attached.
Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that replaces missing bone with material from a patient’s own body, an artificial, synthetic, or natural substitute. Bone grafting is possible because bone tissue has the ability to regenerate completely if provided the space into which it has to grow. As natural bone grows, it generally replaces the graft material completely, resulting in a fully integrated region of new bone.
There are a number of different types of bone grafting materials, including autografts, allografts, and synthetic variants. Here we take a look at 8 such products used in dentistry today.
References
1. Fu AZ, Iglay K, Qiu Y, Engel S. Risk characterization for urinary tract infections in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications. 2014;28(6):805-810. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.06.009
NovaBoneDental Putty
NovaBone® Dental Putty features a proven ability to accelerate bone formation and has a unique delivery system. It is the only bone graft material available in disposable unidose cartridges that simplify dispensing of the graft, especially in hard-to-reach areas. Unlike other synthetic grafts that are bioinert, it belongs to a unique class of bioactive regenerative materials that act as an osteoconductive scaffold and interact with the surrounding tissues to impart an osteostimulatory effect.
GUIDOR easy-graft
Designed to simplify bone regeneration techniques, GUIDOR easy-graft alloplastic bone graft substitute is soft from the syringe for easy handling, but hard in the defect. To simplify clinical handling, the material comprises a matrix with optimal cell ingrowth capacities and good mechanical properties, providing space for tissue regeneration. The use of synthetic (alloplastic) materials is said to result in lower surgical risks and lower morbidity in augmentation procedures.
R.T.R.+
R.T.R.+ is a bone graft material intended to be used to reconstruct bony loss or bone gaps in maxillofacial applications. Indications: following tooth extractions, following intrabony/periodontal/peri-implants defects, ridge augmentations, sinus lifts, and cystic cavity fillings. It is an ideal osteogenic matrix, designed through a special manufacturing process and is fully synthetic and fully resorbable, and the micro/macroporous structure mimics human bone.
DBX Putty
DBX Putty Demineralized Bone Matrix (DBM) offers the highest bone content (93% by volume), optimal osteoinductivity, and exceptional handling characteristics compared to other DBM products. DBX sodium hyaluronate carrier is a safe and natural substance found in human joints and ocular fluids. The high molecular weight means the material maintains its physical integrity and resists movement under irrigation. Instructions for use are available on ifu.dentsplysirona.com.
RPM - Reinforced PTFE Mesh
RPM™ - Reinforced PTFE Mesh is an alternative to titanium mesh. Its hybrid design results in a device that has the adaptability of a membrane with the porosity of a mesh. RPM’s circular macroporous design permits direct contact between the bone graft and periosteum, allowing naturally occurring revascularization and infiltration of cells into the bone graft. Its titanium frame maintains space essential for horizontal and vertical ridge augmentation, and the PTFE mesh easily conforms to tissue contours. RPM is 200 µm thick and is available in 16 different sizes and configurations specific to the defect.
Puros Cancellous Particulate Allograft
Puros Cancellous Particulate Allograft has a history of well-documented clinical results, is an easy-to-handle choice for predictable bone regeneration, and acts as an osseoconductive scaffold for new bone formation. Prospective studies have linked large-volume applications of it to faster bone regeneration at 6 months than was seen from grafts containing sintered bovine bone matrix. With small-volume applications of it, regeneration of hard bone has been reported as early as 3 to 5 months, according to data the company has on file. It also is said to retain osseoconductive properties due to the preservation of the natural bone matrix collagen and mineral composition, trabecular pattern, and original porosity, enabling the ingrowth of vascular and cellular connective tissue.
Straumann cerabone
Straumann® cerabone® natural bovine bone grafting material provides stability and strength and predictably integrates into newly formed bone, ensuring volume maintenance and a strong, long-lasting matrix to support the successful placement of dental implants. The material is recommended for implantology, oral surgery, periodontology, and craniomaxillofacial surgery: sinus floor elevation, horizontal augmentation, ridge preservation, intraosseous defects, peri-implant defects, socket preservation, and furcation defects. Its rough, open porous structure is similar to native human bone, allowing for bone ingrowth and vascular penetration.
creos™ allo.gain and creos™ allo.protect
Nobel Biocare offers a broad allograft portfolio for different clinical indications, including creos™ allo.gain and creos™ allo.protect. The creos allografts portfolio offers you a wide range of particulate grafts, a 100% demineralized bone matrix putty and a pericardium barrier membrane. The creos allogenic graft materials can be used for clinical indications including sinus floor elevation, socket preservation, ridge augmentation, and periodontal defects. The tissue bank follows strict processing procedures to ensure safe tissue grafts of the highest quality for transplantation.
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