Komet USA, LLC

	Delivering high-performance, controlled efficiency to facilitate crown preparation procedures for ceramic and all-ceramic crowns, Komet USA’s newly launched, innovative Deep Purple™ diamonds are specially designed for fast, effective substance removal.

	Deep Purple diamond instruments (856XC) feature high-quality and uniformly sized, extra-coarse diamond grains embedded at the optimal depth for effective, rapid, reliable performance. In comparison with any diamond instrument, the new Komet

 Deep Purple diamonds offer measurably greater substance removal without sacrificing operator control of the desired primary preparation design.

Related reading: Using Komet guide-pin diamonds for controlled, tissue-preserving crown preparations

	Offered in three sizes (1.6-, 1.8-, and 2.1-mm-diameter heads) to meet specific preparation objectives, Deep Purple diamonds should be operated at an ideal turbine speed of 300,000 rpm or at 160,000 rpm in a red contra angle and at low contact pressure not to exceed 2N, with sufficient cooling spray. After achieving the desired primary preparation with the extra-coarse-grained diamond, the preparation can be finished with an identically matched Komet 8856 finisher that corresponds in size and configuration with the selected Deep Purple diamond.

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Delivering high-performance, controlled efficiency to facilitate crown preparation procedures for ceramic and all-ceramic crowns, Komet USA’s newly launched, innovative Deep Purple™ diamonds are specially designed for fast, effective substance removal.

Komet USA launches Deep Purple™ Diamonds for efficient crown prep

This step-by-step technique shows how to use Komet's Expert Kit 4573ST for all-ceramic anterior crowns.

How to prep for all-ceramic anterior crowns with Expert Kit 4573ST

	All-ceramic restorations have long been recognized for their outstanding clinical qualities.

The esthetically desirable results attained with these metal-free, all-ceramic restorations have prompted more and more patients to successfully request them. To achieve a successful all-ceramic restoration, however, all necessary clinical parameters  must be considered during the preparation stages (“think ceramic”).

More on Expert Kit 4573ST: How Komet USA's Expert Kit 4573ST yields precise preparations for all-ceramic lateral crowns [VIDEO]

	Premature loss of ceramic restoration often is a result of insufficient cavity depth or lack of attention to proper layer thickness. The following recommendations enable the dentist to safely prepare for an all-ceramic anterior crown.

	Continue to the next page to see the step-by-step technique

	Use the thin instrument (6856.FG.012) to obtain the interdental separation.

	Use instrument 6837KR.FG.012 to prepare a 1 mm sized uniform shoulder approximately 0.5 –1 mm above the future preparation limit.

	The occlusal view clearly shows the 1 mm circumferential shoulder following the root contour.

	Using instrument 6837KR.FG.012 (see step 2), reduce the labial surface of the sagittal curve of the crown by 1 mm.

	Reduce the incisal aspect with instrument 6836KR.FG.014, a short cylinder with rounded edges and a green ring. When the instrument is completely introduced, a minimal substance removal of 1.4 mm can be easily accomplished. An occlusal substance removal of up to 2 mm is possible.

	With the egg-shaped instrument (6379.FG.023), reduce the palatal aspect by at least 1 mm. To protect the gingiva, placement of retraction cord is recommended following the initial preparation.

	For final shaping of the preparation limit to achieve a chamfer with a radius of 0.8 mm, use the larger instrument (6856.FG.021) to simplify access to oral and vestibular areas. When using this instrument, make certain to avoid damage to adjacent teeth. 

	If adjacent teeth require no preparation, create the chamfer in the interdental areas with the thinner instrument (6856.FG.018) first. 

	Define the final preparation limit with finishing instruments of matching shape, i.e., 8856. FG.018 and 8856.FG.021. 

	With the egg-shaped, fine-grit instrument (8379.FG.023 finish the palatal surfaces. 

	Using a silicone index, ascertain that sufficient substance has been removed. 

	To complete the preparation for an all-ceramic restoration, round off all sharp edges and corners. Komet flexible polishing discs are particularly suitable for this purpose. 

	Komet USA’s comprehensive line of endodontic instruments and accessories ensures successful treatment for all types of root-canal cases. The line includes instruments specially engineered for every step of the procedure, from straight-line access and proper cleaning, shaping and preparation to obturation and final finishing. Each instrument complements its counterparts, working to simplify endodontic procedures and enhance efficiency and effectiveness.

Masterfully engineered for efficient cleaning of canals with a single file, the 

 features a full range of highly flexible NiTi files. The comprehensive system offers the right file for any clinical situation and all root-canal anatomies. An innovative file design pairs a double-S cross-section with a consistent .06-taper for superior, expedient cutting, and the instrument’s ultra-thin core provides exceptional flexibility. The files’ unique construction facilitates thorough irrigation and cleaning throughout treatment and optimally preserves the course of the canal. Effectively streamlining endodontic procedures, the easy-to-use system can be employed with any obturation method.

	The single-use, sterile-packed F6 SkyTaper™ files are offered in three lengths and five sizes to meet the demands of specific clinical situations. They can be used in any torque-limited endo contra angle or motor.

	Continue to the next page to read a clinical sequence.

	After the pulp chamber has been opened, prepare the access cavity with the Komet® tungsten-carbide EndoGuard™ instrument, which features a safe-non-cutting tip to protect the floor of the pulp chamber.

	Use the EndoGuard to remove dentin overhangs to optimize visual examination and assessment and to provide straight-line access to the root canal, thus minimizing risk of inadvertent canal transportation and file fracture.

	With a pecking motion, in which the files are briefly moved up and down the canal, enlarge the coronal third of the root canal with the Komet® Opener, which removes bacteria to avoid transport to the apex by subsequently used instruments. The Opener also reduces curvature of the root canal to eliminate strain on subsequent mechanical files such as the F6 SkyTaper.

	Probe the canal with a hand instrument and determine the working length with a size 010/015 K-file.

	Use the PathGlider™ in a pecking motion to mechanically prepare a glide path to reduce the risk of inadvertent transportation of the canal.

	Select the appropriate size of the F6 SkyTaper file according to the size of the previously used file. With the file attached to a torque-limited endodontic contra angle or motor, prepare the canal, using a pecking motion, to the full working length of the file. Maintain thorough irrigation to flush out all debris throughout treatment.

	Following complete disinfection and irrigation procedures, dry the canal with the system-matched points for the F6 SkyTaper system and then use the matched gutta-percha points or other preferred obturation method.

	Engineered to efficiently clean canals with a single file, the F6 SkyTaper™ system features a full range of highly flexible, NiTi files. The comprehensive system offers the right file for any clinical situation and all root-canal anatomies. An innovative file design pairs a double-S cross-section with a consistent .06-taper for superior, expedient cutting, and the instrument’s ultra-thin core provides exceptional flexibility.

	For more information on Komet USA’s endodontic instruments and essential accessories, contact Komet USA LLC at 888-566-3887 or visit the company website at 

Komet USA’s comprehensive line of endodontic instruments and accessories ensures successful treatment for all types of root-canal cases. The line includes instruments specially engineered for every step of the procedure, from straight-line access and proper cleaning, shaping and preparation to obturation and final finishing. Each instrument complements its counterparts, working to simplify endodontic procedures and enhance efficiency and effectiveness.

How to perform mechanical root-canal preparation with the F6 SkyTaper™ Endo Files

	KOMET's 4562ST expert set was compiled in close cooperation with six renowned experts from dental clinics and practices with a view to simplify and systemize the precise shaping of cavities prior to receiving ceramic inlays and partial crowns.

	The set contains, among other instruments, three newly developed tools that are provided with a depth mark (recognized by the letter "D" standing for "Depth" in the reference number) to guarantee the required minimum occlusal thickness of ceramic restorations.

Related reading: How to create optimal root-canal access using Komet specialty instruments

	Ceramic restorations have been scientifically recognized for a long time and enjoy great popularity because they are free of metal and give an esthetically pleasing result.

	More and more patients directly ask for a ceramic restoration. What is important, though, is that all requirements for a successful ceramic reconstruction are already considered during the preparative stages. Premature los of a ceramic restoration is often due to insufficient depth of the cavity or nonobservance of the minimum thickness of the layers.

	The preparation concept was conjointly developed by Priv.-Doz. M. Oliver Ahlers, Dr. Uwe Blunck, Prof. Dr. Roland Frankenberger, Dr. Jan Hajto, Dr. Gernot Morig and Prof. Dr. Lothar Probster.

More from Komet: Maximize efficiency by using Komet® stainless-steel bur blocks during instrument reprocessing

Continue reading the technique on Page 2 ...

	1: Using the Diamond 6847KRD, open the cavities and determine the minimum substance thickness. Please take the shifting of the reference point into account.

	2: Prepare a box cavity. Use steel matrices to protect the adjacent teeth. Create an interproximal box. The proximal enamel walls remain intact for the time being. Make sure not to create a spring edge or vertical surfaces and to prepare an angle of 90

. Give the edges of the box a slightly concave shape.

	3: With the Diamond 8862, remove the proximal enamel, avoiding contact with the adjacent teeth.

Technique: Using Komet® instruments to simplify cavity preparation and chairside finishing and polishing procedures

	4: If required, rework the proximal box with sonic tips (Diamond SFD7 and Diamond SFM7).

	5: Using Diamond 8847KR, determine the size of the cavity. Tilt the instrument in the oro-vestibular direction.

	6: With the Diamond 8845KR, round off the cavity floor and the transition between the cavity floor and the box.

	7: Finish the cavity. Make sure to create smooth, rounded edges. Avoid leaving sharp transitions. The minimum width of the isthmus should be 2.5 mm. Round off all angles in the cavity. The minimum occlusal depth should be 1.5 mm. The minimum opening angle of the cavity should be 6

	8: With the Diamond 8959KR, shorten the cusps horizontally.

I Use That: Komet USA’s PathGlider™ and F360® NiTi endodontic file system help ensure successful root canals

Finish reading the technique on Page 3 ...

	9: Using the Diamond 8379, round off all inner edges. Then, slightly round all outer edges.

	10: Round off all transitions within the preparation with the Diamond 8862. Make sure to observe a minimum substance thickness of 2 mm. The thickness of the remaining enamel wall must be at least 2 mm. Do not remove overhangs from walls with sufficient thickness but block out with fillings fixed by adhesive dentin bonding. Make sure to observe a minimum substance thickness in the area of the fissures.

Related reading: Komet USA debuts new bone cutter at IDS 2015

More from Komet USA: How to remove crowns using specialized cutters from Komet USA

KOMET's 4562ST expert set was compiled in close cooperation with six renowned experts from dental clinics and practices to simplify and systemize the precise shaping of cavities prior to receiving ceramic inlays and partial crowns.

Preparation rules for ceramic inlays and partial crowns

	Although no two composite restorative procedures are exactly alike, certain everyday finishing and polishing applications can be used in most cases.

	Procedural efficiency and esthetic result are the primary objectives for these techniques, and, when paired with predictability and reliability, they become invaluable components of good dentistry.

	Proper tooth preparation is the foundation for a beautiful composite restoration. 

 inlay/onlay burs (such as 845KR.FG.025 and 845KR.FG.018) offer ideal options for everything from simple occlusal preparations to multi-surface preparations, yielding even axial walls and pulpal floors and level boxes for seamless placement of composite filling materials. These burs can be used following caries removal with a 5835.FG.012 carbide, as well as after amalgam removal.

Technique: Composite finishing and polishing with Q-Finisher® carbides and CompoBrite™ polishers

 and CompoBrite™ polishers quickly and effectively finish and polish composite restorations, saving time and multiple instrument changes while imparting a brilliant high shine to composite surfaces. Once the proper anatomy has been established with Q-Finishers, light-pink CompoBrite polishers are used for prepolishing, followed by the light-yellow polishers, which produce a natural-looking, high shine, glossy finish. The polishers are available in disc, cup, and flame shapes for easy access to all tooth surfaces.

	The following case demonstrates finishing and polishing of a common composite restoration using Komet’s Q-Finishers and CompoBrite polishers.

	1. Place a rubber dam to provide proper isolation and to facilitate a clean working field.

	2. Use a 5835.FG.012 followed by 845KR.FG.012. 

 The cleaner the lines, the easier it is to reach the esthetic and functional goal. 

	3. If the cavity preparation requires it, use a matrix system to prevent open margins and achieve tight contacts. Matrix options range from a traditional Tofflemire to newer sectional systems, such as 

 Use of an appropriate matrix is helpful in preventing open margins and achieving tight proximal contacts.

	4. Once the matrices are in place, use a chlorhexidine scrub to disinfect the surface prior to bonding.

	5. Place etchant followed by bonding resin.

Technique: How to shape and clean root canals with Komet® endodontic instruments

	6. Place a layer of flowable composite, such as 

, and follow with a layer of condensable composite, such as 

 Layering flowable composite facilitates full coverage for both single- and multi-surface fillings. In addition, the conservative use of materials paired with a respect for natural tooth contours enhances the efficiency of finishing and polishing procedures.

	7. Use hand instruments to sculpt the composite to the proper tooth anatomy.

	8. Using the Q-Finisher® kit from Komet USA, begin the finishing procedure to establish proper tooth anatomy. Make the initial reduction before removing the rubber dam.

	9. Remove the rubber dam, use articulating paper to highlight occlusal contacts, and perform occlusal reduction with the football-shaped H379Q.FG.018 bur.

	10. Once the proper bite relation has been established for both intercuspal position (ICP or centric) and eccentric occlusion, use the H48LQ.FG.012 to shape detailed anatomy.

	11. For a natural-looking and -feeling polish, the two-step CompoBrite system is used.

	12. The pink polisher is followed by the yellow polisher to achieve a superior esthetic result.

	13. The final restoration demonstrates ideal form and a natural finish.

	Today’s dentistry offers a wide variety of techniques and products to meet the needs of every dental-care provider and patient. Good dentistry relies on numerous factors, among which are operator comfort with a particular system or technique, instrument reliability, patient comfort and satisfaction and predictable outcomes. As we continually work toward becoming experts in efficiency and quality to best serve and care for our patients, instrument systems such as the Q-Finishers and CompoBrite polishers are invaluable additions to the practice of good dentistry.

Related reading: Maximize efficiency with Komet® stainless-steel bur blocks during instrument reprocessing

Technique: How to create optimal root-canal access using Komet specialty instruments

Although no two composite restorative procedures are exactly alike, certain everyday finishing and polishing applications can be used in most cases.

How to finish and polish a common composite restoration

	Used together to efficiently achieve optimal esthetics, Komet Q-Finisher carbides and CompoBrite polishers simply and effectively finish and polish composite restorations without multiple instrument changes.

	Traditionally, finishing composite restorations required three steps, using standard, fine and ultrafine instruments. By pairing the two systems for finishing and polishing, however, users are able to reduce the number of steps needed to impart a brilliant high shine to composite surfaces.

 are engineered to reduce composite finishing procedures to just two steps from the conventional three-step method, resulting in enhanced surface quality after a single step. The instruments feature an innovative cross-cut toothing design that provides optimal surface quality after a single step, and finishing then can be accomplished with an ultrafine finishing instrument. The carbides also offer smooth, noncutting tips to ensure gentle finishing without damage to gingival tissue.

	Offered in three complementary shapes specifically adapted to the anatomy of restored areas, CompoBrite polishers feature heads with specially bonded, interspersed diamond grit. The light-pink polishers simplify minor shape corrections while simultaneously and effectively pre-polishing composite surfaces. High shine final polishing is accomplished with the light yellow polishers, which impart a natural-looking, high shine, glossy finish.

	1. To finish a labial surface, use the H135Q.FG.014 for optimal results. Operate the carbide at 20,000 rpm with sufficient cooling (min. 50ml/minute). Follow up with the ultra-fine H135UF.FG.014.

	2. For prepolishing, select the appropriately shaped pink polisher from the CompoBrite kit TD2948.

	3. For shaping occlusal anatomy, the bud-shaped polisher (94025M.RA.070) is ideally configured with a wide opening to perfectly surround the cusps.

	4. High-shine polishing is completed with the flame-shaped polisher (94023F.RA.030) at a recommended speed of 6,000 rpm. To prevent excessive heat generation and to create a perfectly glossy finish, always work with sufficient cooling. Proper cooling maximizes efficiency: the fine composite particles loosened during polishing are flushed away with the water.

	Click the video below to watch a video of the above technique:

	For more information on Komet Q-Finisher

 carbides and CompoBrite™ polishers, contact Komet USA LLC at 888-566-3887 or visit the company website at 

Used together to efficiently achieve optimal esthetics, Komet Q-Finisher carbides and CompoBrite polishers simply and effectively finish and polish composite restorations without multiple instrument changes.

Composite finishing and polishing with Q-Finisher® carbides and CompoBrite™ polishers

’s seven-instrument crown-preparation kits have been developed to meet the challenges and practicalities of preparations for all-ceramic crowns.

	The instruments in the LD1316 kit are systematically organized to create ideal modified-shoulder preparations with rounded, internal angles. Likewise organized, the contents of LD1487 kit permit distinct chamfer preparations to be accomplished with predictability, reliability and efficiency. Proper application of the instruments in either kit allows the precise reduction of crown contours to ensure precise impression-taking (by scanning or traditional methods) and successful fit of the final crown restoration.

	Both kits include the Komet® S5858 contact breaker for interdental separation, the egg-shaped S6379 S-Diamond® for occlusal/palatal preparation and the 843KRA occlusal depth-guide diamond. The LD1316 modified-shoulder prep kit also provides two tapered, round-edge 847KR S-Diamonds and two corresponding finishers, while the LD1487 chamfer-prep kit provides two tapered, round 856 S-Diamonds and two corresponding finishers. The instruments in each kit are conveniently arranged in a Komet® stainless-steel bur block to simplify access, selection and post-use instrument processing.

	Watch the video below to learn how to achieving ideal preparations for successful all-ceramic crown restorations with Komet® instrument kits LD1316 and LD1487.

Create a stump with a 4-to-6-degree cone. Round off all transitions within the preparation to prevent potentially damaging tension beneath the restorative material.

 If the position of the tooth requires no correction, reduce the outer contour of the crown by 1.5 mm, the occlusal surface by 1.5-2.0 mm and the margin by at least 1 mm without mimicking the crown equator. To ensure an optimal fit of the all-ceramic crown restoration, take care to eliminate all sharp edges and corners.

 Make certain the preparation limit has a width of at least 1.0 mm.

 Create a shoulder preparation with rounded interior angles (Kit LD1386) or a distinct chamfer preparation (Kit LD1487). Rework the preparation margin with finishing instruments of matching shape (with red-ring identifier).

 Avoid tangential, spring-edge or lip preparations.

 For occlusal depth marking, use instrument 843KRA, which features a 2-mm-long working end and a short shank.

 Employ a silicone index to verify that sufficient substance has been removed.

 Round off all sharp edges and corners to complete the preparation for an all-ceramic crown restoration.

	For more information on the Komet® LD1316 modified-shoulder prep kit and the LD1487 chamfer-prep kit, contact Komet USA LLC at 888-566-3887 or visit the company website at 

Komet USA’s seven-instrument crown-preparation kits have been developed to meet the challenges and practicalities of preparations for all-ceramic crowns.

How to achieve ideal preparations for successful all-ceramic crown restorations

 focuses on crown preparations with special attention directed toward the specific requirements of all-ceramic crowns produced through CAD/CAM or conventional techniques.

Available with coarse-grit diamonds, the key instrument (6856.FG.021) in the Expert Kit 4573ST features a tapered, round configuration. It is adapted for preparing a distinct chamfer with rounded interior angles.

Sinking the instrument up to half of its diameter into the tooth creates a distinct chamfer with a 0.8-mm radius, which assures sufficient substance removal and rounded interior angles. Both of these characteristics are among the primary requirements for a successful ceramic-crown preparation. The large radius prevents a lip preparation, and the large diameter (021) yields smooth surfaces without grooves or scratches, particularly during finishing.

Because the optimal amount of substance removal to assure sufficient material thickness ranges between 1.0 and 1.5 mm, the kit includes instruments in two diameter sizes: 021 for larger teeth and 018 for smaller teeth. The instrument features a 2° cone angle, which allows the creation of a 4° total angle in case of a circular preparation, without the need to swivel the instrument.

In addition to the 6856.FG.021 diamond and the 6856.FG.018 diamond, the Expert Kit 4573ST contains the coarse-grit, smaller diameter 6856.FG.012 diamond as well as the 6837KR.FG.012 coarse-grit diamond for initial, precise shoulder creation; the 6836KR.FG.014 coarse-grit instrument for incisal-aspect reduction; and the 6379.FG.023 coarse-grit diamond for reduction of the palatal aspect. Other instruments in the kit include three fine-grit, finishing diamonds to successfully define the final preparation limit.

The instruments in the Expert Kit 4573ST are conveniently organized in a 

stainless-steel bur block suitable for sterilization.

Lateral-Crown Preparations with Expert Kit 4573ST*

 With instrument 6837KR.FG.012, prepare a 1-mm uniform shoulder approximately 0.5-1 mm above the future preparation limit.

 Use instrument 6856.FG.012 to create an interdental separation and prepare a thin, proximal temporary enamel wall. Protect the adjacent tooth with steel matrix as necessary.

 After creating an interdental separation, use diamond instrument 6837KR.FG.012 (as in step 1) for initial shoulder preparation. Hold the instrument in a vertical position to allow parallel substance removal (Figure 3).

 Figure 4 displays the occlusal view with a 1-mm circumferential shoulder that corresponds to the anatomical contour of the root.

 Using instrument 6836KR.FG.014, reduce the occlusal surface. To easily achieve a minimum 1.4 mm substance removal, introduce the instrument completely into the occlusal surface. An occlusal substance removal of up to 2 mm is possible.

With the occlusal reduction, make certain to prepare simplified replicas of the anatomic cusps. To create cusp replicas, apply instrument 6836KR.FG.014 (as in step 5) to the molars and premolars from four different directions.

 Place a retraction cord to protect the gingiva after completion of the initial preparation.

 For final shaping of the preparation limit to achieve a chamfer with a 0.8 mm radius, use (larger) instrument 6856.FG.021 to simplify access to oral and vestibular areas. Take care to avoid damage to adjacent teeth when applying this instrument.

 If adjacent teeth require no preparation, use the thinner instrument (6856.FG.018) to create the chamfer in the interdental areas. Define the final preparation limit with the finishing instruments of matching shapes-for example, instruments 8856.FG.018 and 8856.FG.021.

 If sufficient interdental space is present, the finishing instruments described in the previous step can be employed. Again, avoid damaging adjacent teeth.

 Check the completed preparation for sufficient interocclusal clearance. With all-ceramic restorations, all sharp edges and corners must be rounded off. Komet® flexible polishing discs are especially suitable for this purpose.

* The use of crown preparation instruments in Expert Kit 4573ST is demonstrated on a model. The sequence of the illustrated preparation steps can be modified according to personal preferences.

The Komet® Expert Kit 4573ST focuses on crown preparations with special attention directed toward the specific requirements of all-ceramic crowns produced through CAD/CAM or conventional techniques.